Cipher: |
2610 |
Nomenclature: |
The role of iron in chronic and malignant diseases |
Study programme: |
Molecular biosciences |
Module: |
Biomedicine |
Case holder: |
Prof.dr.sc. Ines Drenjančević
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Institution of the case holder: |
Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek
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Contributors - Contractors: |
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Subject status: |
Electoral College |
The year in which the case is submitted: |
Year I |
The semester in which the case is submitted: |
Semester II |
Subject objective: |
Understand the role of iron in the development and progression of chronic and malignant diseases.
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Case contents: |
1. Mechanism of toxic action of iron. Free iron ions (nonprotein-bound iron ions) reduce superoxide, and the resulting ferro form of iron is reoxidized in the presence of peroxide, which creates ferri ions and hydroxyl radical, which damages all biological macromolecules. Hydroxyl radical can depolymerize polysaccharides, damage a DNA molecule, inactivate enzymes and cause lipid peroxidation. 2. Diseases that can be caused by excess iron. The consequence of the elevated amount of iron in a particular tissue can be: infection, arrhythmia-cardiomyopathy, arthrosis, diabetes, cirrhosis and liver cancer, tumors, and various endocrines (impotence) and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. depression, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease). 3. Ways to remove excess iron. The organism has developed endogenous systems to remove excess iron, but there are also treatments that can reduce the accumulation of excess iron in the body. 4. Prophylactic and therapeutic possibilities. We will show two ways: 1. Special aspects of preventing the accumulation of excess iron in the body, 2. Pharmacological methods to help patients with excess iron. 5. Experimental evidence of the antitumor effect of some iron compounds. Iron and iron compounds can damage and inhibit the growth of a normal and malignant cell. Iron is an essential nutrient for tumor cells that divide uncontrollably. However, too much catalytic iron (by creating free oxygen radicals) can devastate a tumor cell.
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Learning outcomes: competences, knowledge, skills that the subject develops: |
1. To analyse the mechanism of toxic effects of iron on the organism. 2. Assess which diseases may arise due to excess iron. 3. Identify ways to remove excess iron from the body. 4. Review prophylactic and therapeutic options for preventing the accumulation and treatment of excess iron. 5. Critically question the experimental evidence of the antitumor effect of some iron compounds.
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ECTS Credits |
5 |
Lectures |
15 |
Seminars (IS) |
5 |
Exercises (E) |
5 |
Altogether |
25 |
The way of teaching and acquiring knowledge: |
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Ways of teaching and acquiring knowledge: (notes) |
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Monitoring and evaluating students (mark in fat printing only relevant categories) |
Attendance, Teaching activities, Mandatory seminar work |
Rating method: |
Oral exam, Essay/Seminar, Continuous examination of knowledge in the course of teaching |
Mandatory literature: |
Pole-Blessed M. The role of iron in neoplasm. A revue. Medical Herald 122:234-238, 2000. Poljak-Blaži M. Role of iron in carcinogenesis, and anticarcinogenic effect of iron compounds. Trace elements in medicine. 1: 29-42. 2003. Weiss G. Modification of iron regulation by the inflammatory response. Bast Practice Res Clin Hematol. 18: 183-201. 2005. Cocoon S. The role and changes in iron metabolism in lung cancer patients. Doctor's Dissertation. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Medicine. 2004.
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Supplementary (recommended) literature: |
Poljak-Blaži M, Stančić-Rokotov D, Ferle-Vidović A. Inhibitory effect of iron on melanoma B16 growth. Period. biol. 87: 17-22, 1985. Flajsig I, Poljak-Blaži M. Influence of iron on proliferation and cell cycle kinetics on cultured malignant and normal cells. Oncology, 47:443-446, 1990. Weinberg ED. Roles of iron in neoplasia: promotion, prevention and therapy. Biol Trace Elem Res 1992;34:123-140. Weinberg ED. Association of iron with respiratory tract neoplasia. J Trace Elem Exp Med 1993;6:117-23. Stevens RG, Graubard BI, Micozzi MS, Neriishi K, Blumberg BS. Moderate elevation of body iron level and increased risk of cancer occurrence and death. Int J Cancer 1994;56:364-369. deSousa M. The immunology of iron overload. In: de Sousa M, Brock Jh, your. Iron in immunity, cancer and inflamation. Chichester: Wiley; 1989, p. 247-58. Weinberg JB, Hibbs JB Jr. Endocytosis of red blood cells or hemoglobin by activated macrophages inhibits their tumorocidal effect. Nature 1977;269:245-7. Weinberg ED. Iron withloading. A defense against infection and neoplasia. Physiol Rev 1984; 64:55-102. Weinberg ED, Weinberg GA. The role of iron in infection. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 1995;8:164-9. Weinberg ED. The role of iron in cancer. Europe J of Cancer Prev 1996;5:19-36. Herbert V. Dangers of iron and vitamin C supplements. J Am Diet Assoc 1993;93:526-7.
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How to monitor the quality and performance performance (evaluation): |
The success of the course will be evaluated annually by the joint expert committee of the Ruđer Boskovic Institute, the University of Dubrovnik and the University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek based on exam success and surveys.
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